From the top of the Castle of Mourão you can enjoy a large panoramic over the surrounding landscape. Thus, besides the southern view over the rows of houses of Mourão, addorsed to the briskets of the Castle, we observe, northern the water sea of the River Guadiana the Alqueva has captured, as well as the Castle and town of Monsaraz placed in the top of a hill with a most accentuated acclivity with which the Castle of Mourão has establish an ancient complicity. Embracing the water are the culture years presenting irregular shapes in the northern side, according to the relief, limited by schist dry stone walls with wedged olive-trees, which were pushed there to free the ground for the culture of cereals.  Southern, surrounding the town, the culture yards mostly occupied by olive tree yards and vineyards, they have a regular form and small areas determined either by the topography once the relief is planed, or by the soil quality which may have led to successive partitions through generations.
The east frontier with Spain is mostly administrative, once there are no important natural accidents to determine its trace. Thus, passing to the other side the only thing we distinguish and makes us realize we’re in Spain is the language, imposing itself as cultural identity of each of these peoples so near to each other. This natural situation of an open frontier as passage unit, and being Spain at the same time a temptation and a threat led to the building and fortification of the Castle of Mourão, important landscape landmark. 
 From the several road connections we can see at a distance the image of the town, which allows us different readings according to the point of view. Thus, from the road coming from Reguengos de Monsaraz we see the lonely Castle, dominating an accentuated acclivity. From the side of the road connecting Spain with Granja, the image is different, once the Castle appears as the quiet Lord of the house set spreading through the slope and through the slightly waved plain. 
 If we leave the town of Mourão heading to Spain it’s possible to have an inclusive view of the cereal steppe of S. Leonardo, extended by the neighbour country. The little accentuated relief allows productive unirrigated soils being some parcels occupied by irrigation which extract water from small dams spread in the landscape.
 The new Aldeia da Luz and Granja are surrounded by cereal fields, being that the former has an important area with new olive-tree yards and vineyards which were implemented in the ambit of the Alqueva project.
 These characteristics of the landscape which give it great scenic interest makes the municipality of Mourão to present great tourism potential, namely nature walks, cynegetic and fishing activities as well as nautical sports.

The left shore of the River Guadiana is one of the better preserved regions in our country from the natural habitat point of view and one of the most important to the fauna. The region between Mourão, Moura and Barrancos is composed by different landscapes essential to the avifauna preservation, and so considered as worthy of preservation at the Community level by its characteristics. Thus, it’s classification as ZPE (Special Bird Protection Zone). For a most relevant part of the endangered species of our country, this region is a refuge because of its habitat diversity, which includes unirrigated cereal steppes, holm-tree plantations, thick forestall formations and torrential brook valleys covered with thick bushes and riparian vegetation and now the big water plan of the Alqueva. One of the most characteristic habitats in this ZPE is the agricultural steppes resulting from the unirrigated cereal cultures: typically wheat and oat.

Mourão is inserted in a region characterized by a Mediterranean climate with continental features due to the passage of hot air coming from the East, altered by the orographic influence of the plateaus of the South Meseta. So, we ought to highlight the big thermal amplitude along the year with high values to the average temperature in the summer dry and hot months and low temperatures in winter. The precipitation values are also low being concentred in a few winter months is a sometimes torrential regime. 
These climate characteristics make the intermediate seasons, spring and autumn, to be particularly pleasant.

The municipality of Mourão is very uniform, mainly composed by schist and greywacke, but there are also significant areas dominated by sedimentary formation.

The territory presents a slightly waved relief hackled by more or less humpy water courses among which we can detach the slopes of the River Ardila and its affluents in the south limit of the Municipality, and the River Guadiana with its recessed course.  However, the Guadiand and its affluents were transformed into a dam whose waters hide those relief accidents.
The parish of Granja, in the south part of the municipality, presents the higher levels, being the Fiscal Office of Garducho correspondent to the highest level. In the parish of Mourão to highlight the Fiscal Office of S. Leonardo, near the frontier and the Castle of Mourão from where it’s possible to enjoy wide views over the surrounding landscape.

The better soils with the use capacity A and B are located in the parish of Mourão, within a big continuous area southern to the town, spreading to the frontier and entering the parish of Luz.  In the parish of Granja they are restricted around the village in a small area. The big areas of weak use capacity soils (D and E) of the parish of Granja are used for flock-tending, an inclusively there are some Ganadarias (rearings for fighting-bulls).

The vegetation corresponds to tree formations of evergreen oak, holm-oak, Portuguese-oak and/ or cork-tree. It can also include caducifoliate elements as the whitethorn and even maple (particularly near the reservoirs and other torrential waterlines) and equally evergreen elements as the arbutus, the privet, leafy, dogwood, etc…
Near permanent, or almost permanent, waterlines there is, besides the Portuguese-oak, black willow, white willow, alder, elm, ash, uncultivated bushes, wild rosebush, etc…